Asking past actions
- What did you do last Friday?
- Where did you go?
- When did you get back?
- When did you stay?
- What did Bella have for lunch?
- What did he eat last night?
- How was the weather?
- How was your presentation last week?
Telling past actions
- I went to a basketball game
- I went to ungaran
- I got back on saturday night
- I stayed with my parents
- She sad soup and sandwiches
- He ate thai food
- It was wonderfull
- It was great
2. Talking about future plans
Asking someone's plan
- What will you do tomorrow?
- When will you finish the report?
- What will we do in class today?
- Where will they put the table?
- When will Brad leave for Toronto?
- How will he get there?
Telling plans
- I'll present the new project in the morning meeting
- In the afternoon
- We'll play some word games
- They'll put it next to the windows
- He'll leave right after dinner
- He'll take the bus
3. Past Tense
A. Simple Past Tense
This page will present the simple past tense:
- its form
- and its use.
Before you continue the lesson read the following passage
and try to see how the verbs are formed and used.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was an Austrian
musician and composer. He lived from 1756 to 1791. He startedcomposing
at the age of five years old and wrote more than 600 pieces
of music. He was only 35 years old when he died.
The verbs "was, lived,started, wrote, died"
are in the simple past tense.
Notice that:
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Regular verbs:
The verbs "lived, started, died" are regular past
forms. The rule is the following:
Verb + ed
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Examples:
The infinitive
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The simple past
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live
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lived
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start
|
started
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die
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died
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visit
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visited
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play
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played
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watch
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watched
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phone
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phoned
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marry
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married
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Irregular verbs:
The verbs "was, wrote"
are irregular past forms. "Was" is the simple
past of "to be"; "wrote" is the simple past of
"write".
More
on the simple past of "to be" here.
There is no rule for these verbs. You should learn them by
heart.
The infinitive
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The simple past
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be
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was/were
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write
|
wrote
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come
|
came
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do
|
did
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meet
|
met
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speak
|
spoke
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As you can see we can not predict the simple past forms of
these verbs. They are irregular. You should learn them by heart. Here
is a list of irregular verbs.
The forms of the simple past:
The Affirmative form of the simple past:
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
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played.
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wrote
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did.
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Examples:
- I played tennis with my friends yesterday.
- I finished lunch and I did my homework.
The interrogative form of the simple past:
Did
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I, you, he, she, it, we, they
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Play?
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write
|
||
do?
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Examples:
- Did you play basketball yesterday?
- Did you watch television?
- Did you do the homework?
The negative form of the simple past:
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
|
did not/didn't
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play
|
write
|
||
do
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- I didn't like the food in the wedding last Saturday.
- I didn't eat it.
Remember:
didn't is the short form of did
not. You can say either:
- I did not play basketball, or
- I didn't play basketball.
The simple past tense of the verb to be:
This page will present the simple past tense of the verb to
be:
- its form
- and its use.
The affirmative form:
I, he, she, it
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was.
|
you, we, they
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were.
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Examples:
- I was in London in 1999.
- Pam was in London in 1999, too.
- We were together.
- She was my girlfriend.
The interrogative form:
Was
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I, he, she, it?
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Were
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you, we, they?
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Examples:
- Were you in London last year?
- Was Pam with you?
- Were you together?
The negative form:
I, you, he, she
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was not.
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wasn't.
|
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You, we, they
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were not.
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weren't.
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Examples:
- I wasn't in Paris in 1999.
- Pam wasn't in Paris in 1999.
- We weren't in Paris.
B. Past Contionous Tense
The past continuous, also called past
progressive, is used to refer to an action that was continuous (i.e. an
action that was going on) at a particular time in the past.
This page will present the form and the use of the past
continuous (progressive.)
(More on the
present continuous / progressive)
Before you continue the lesson, read the following passage
and try to see how the verbs in bold are formed and used.
Yesterday, Liza and Jim played tennis. They began at 10:00
and finished at 11:30.
So at 11:00, they were playing tennis.
They were playing="they were in the
middle of playing." They had not finished yet.
Was/were playing is the past continuous.
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The form of the past continuous:
The past continuous is formed as follows:
to be in the simple past
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+ verb
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+ ing
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The affirmative form:
I, he, she, it
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was
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playing.
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you, we, they
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were
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Examples:
- Yesterday evening I was watching a film, when someone knocked on the door.
- This morning I was revising my lessons when my father came in.
- Jim and Liza were playing tennis yesterday at 11:00.
The interrogative form:
Was
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I, he, she, it
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Playing?
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were
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you, we, they
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Examples:
- What were you doing yesterday evening?
- And what was your mother doing?
- Where were you going, this morning at 7:30?
- What were Jim and Liza doing?
The negative form:
I, he, she, it
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was not / wasn't
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playing.
|
you, we, they
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were not / weren't
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Examples:
- I wasn't reading a book yesterday evening; I was watching a film.
- My mother wasn't preparing dinner; she was working on the computer.
- We weren't playing cards.
The use of the past continuous:
- We use
the past continuous to say that somebody was in the middle of doing
something at a certain time in the past.
Example:
"This time yesterday, I was doing my homework." - We use
the past continuous to say that something happened in the middle of
something else:
Example:
"Bob burnt his hand when he was cooking dinner yesterday"
"While I was working in the garden, I hurt my back."
Remember:
- "Wasn't playing" and "weren't playing" are the short forms of "was not playing" and "were not playing"
C. Past Perfect Tense
Form of the past perfect simple:
Had
|
Past Participle Form
|
Affirmative
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Negative
|
Interrogative
|
I had worked.
|
I had not worked.
|
had I worked?
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You had worked.
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You had not worked.
|
had you worked?
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NOTE:
I had not worked = I hadn't worked
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I had worked = I'd worked
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Use of the past perfect simple:
Use the past perfect tense to show an action that was
completed prior to another action that took place in the past.
Examples:
- "President Lincoln had attended the theater regularly before his assassination."
- "They had had lunch when I arrived."
4. Future Tense
A. The Simple Future
This page will present the simple future tense:
- its form
- and its use.
The forms of the simple future:
The simple future is formed as follows:
will / 'll + verb
|
will = 'll
The affirmative form of the simple future:
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
|
will / ''ll
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go.
|
Examples:
- I think I'll buy a new computer.
- I will open the door. Someone is ringing the bell.
The interrogative form of the simple future:
Will
|
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
|
go?
|
Examples:
- Will you buy a computer?
- Will you go to the party?
The negative form of the simple future:
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
|
will not
|
go.
|
won't
|
will not = won't
Examples:
- I will not stay at home if I finish the homework.
- I won't visit Big Ben if I go to London.
The use of the simple future:
- We
use the simple future for instant decisions.
Example: "I've left the door open; I'll close it." - We
use the simple future , when we predict a future situation:
Example: "She'll pass the exam. She's hardworking" - We
use the simple future with: "I (don't) think...", "I
expect...", "I'm sure...", "I wonder...",
"probably".
Example: "It will probably rain tonight" , "I wonder what will happen? - We
use the simple future in conditional sentences type one. (More
on conditional sentences here):
Example: "If I have enough time, I'll watch the film."
Things to remember:
1. We don't use the simple future to say what somebody has
already decided or arranged to do in the future. We use instead either the
present continuous or "going to + verb" (Future
plan) :
- Ann is traveling to New York next week. (NOT, "Ann will travel ")
- Are you going to watch television? (NOT "will you watch").
2. You can use shall instead of will for I and we:
- I shall play football.(Or, I will play ...)
- We shall play football. (Or, we will play ...)
3. 'll is the short form of will.
You can say either:
- I will go, or
- I 'll go.
4. Won't is the short form of will
not. You can say either:
- I will not go, or
- I won't go.
B. Future Progressive
The future progressive tense is formed by
adding will be to the ing form (gerund form)
of the main verb.
will
|
be
|
verb+ing
|
Affirmative:
I will/'ll be watching TV.
Negative
I will not/won't be watching a football match.
Interrogative
Will you be watching TV?
NOTE:
will be watching = 'll be watching
will not be watching = won't be watching
will not be watching = won't be watching
Use of the future progressive
Future progressive tense is used to indicate
action which will be taking place at some time in the future.
Examples:
- I will be watching a football match next Sunday afternoon.
- We'll be working on our project this morning..
- When you arrive, I'll be sleeping .
- I will be leaving in a few minutes.
- We will be working tomorrow morning.
C. Future Perfect Simple
Form of the future perfect simple:
will
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have
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past participle
|
Affirmative
|
Negative
|
Interrogative
|
I will / 'll have finished.
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I will not / won't have finished.
|
will you have finished?
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NOTE:
I will have finished = I'll have finished
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I will not have finished = I won't have finished
|
Examples:
- I will have finished my English homework by the time my mother arrives.
- Will you have finished your English homework by the time your mother arrives?
Use of the simple future simple:
The Future Perfect shows that something will occur before:
- another action occurs in the future
- or before a specific time in the future.
Examples:
- By the end of this weekend, I will have revised my lessons.
- By the time her husband arrives home, she will have prepared dinner.
- I won't have finished this task by the end of June
D. Future Perfect Continuous (progressive)
Form of the simple future continuous:
will
|
have
|
been
|
verb+ing
|
Affirmative
|
Negative
|
Interrogative
|
I will have been teaching.
|
I will not/won't have been teaching.
|
will you have been teaching?
|
NOTE:
I will have been teaching = I'll have been teaching
|
I will not have been teaching = I won't have been teaching
|
Examples:
- I will have been teaching for more than 35 years when I retire.
- Will you have been teaching for more than 35 years when you retire?
Use of the future perfect continuous:
It is used to show that an action will continue up until a
particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," and
"for two weeks," are all durations which can be used with the Future
Perfect Continuous.
Examples:
- She will have been working for over 8 hours by the time her children arrive. .
- He will have been studying English for three years next month.
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